构造煤的动力变质作用及其演化规津   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曹运兴  张玉贵  李凯琦  侯泉林  郭德勇 《煤田地质与勘探》1996,24(4):15-18

采用X射线衍射分析、电子顺磁共振等方法研究了构造煤的动力变质作用特征和演化规律。构造煤与煤层的变形变质历史有关,动力变质作用形成的构造煤,其结构特征与其它变质类型煤不同,演化途径也不同,但它们的演化规律一致。   相似文献   

与城市地下生命线工程有关的双层地质结构中的几个问题     

彭一民  孙进忠 《现代地质》1993,7(1):93-101

近代城市地下生命线工程要求对埋藏基岩中的活动断裂作出工程评价,以判断其是否有出现地表破裂的可能。 本文提出了对研究活动断裂的3项内容,即:“活动断裂的活动时间下限、地震复发周期及活动断裂的活动速率;对不同的断裂活动机制,即蠕动和粘滑,从覆盖层厚薄两种情况分析了对地基所产生的影响。 作者通过超声地震模型实验对覆盖层横向非均一性影响地下生命线工程的特点进行了研究,结果表明,横向非均一的覆盖层在地震过程中对地下生命线工程影响显著,不可忽视。  相似文献   

利用对象和支持向量机的遥感信息提取方法探讨     

肖奥  赵文吉  胡德勇  刘连刚  李家存 《测绘科学》2010,35(5):154-157

土地利用/覆被专题信息的快速、高效、准确提取是遥感图像处理研究的重要方向。传统的遥感分类方法常依靠像元的光谱值,未充分利用影像的空间信息。本文将面向对象影像分割和支持向量机方法相结合,复合光谱和纹理信息,建立了Object-SVM分类模型,并与面向对象的模糊函数和基于像元的SVM方法相比较,探寻区域尺度土地利用/覆被信息提取方法。结果显示,Object-SVM模型有效地提高了遥感图像的分类精度和分类效率,对于区域尺度影像的快速、准确、客观的信息提取具有实际意义。  相似文献   

Intra-clinothem variability in sedimentary texture and process regime recorded down slope profiles     

Grace I. E. Cosgrove  Miquel Poyatos-Moré  David R. Lee  David M. Hodgson  William D. McCaffrey  Nigel P. Mountney 《Sedimentology》2020,67(1):431-456

Shelf-margin clinothem successions can archive process interactions at the shelf to slope transition, and their architecture provides constraints on the interplay of factors that control basin-margin evolution. However, detailed textural analysis and facies distributions from shelf to slope transitions remain poorly documented. This study uses quantitative grain-size and sorting data from coeval shelf and slope deposits of a single clinothem that crops out along a 5 km long, dip-parallel transect of the Eocene Sobrarbe Deltaic Complex (Ainsa Basin, south-central Pyrenees, Spain). Systematic sampling of sandstone beds tied to measured sections has captured vertical and basinward changes in sedimentary texture and facies distributions at an intra-clinothem scale. Two types of hyperpycnal flow-related slope deposits, both rich in mica and terrestrial organic matter, are differentiated according to grain size, sorting and bed geometry: (i) sustained hyperpycnal flow deposits, which are physically linked to coarse channelized sediments in the shelf setting and which deposit sand down the complete slope profile; (ii) episodic hyperpycnal flow deposits, which are disconnected from, and incise into, shelf sands and which are associated with sediment bypass of the proximal slope and coarse-grained sand deposition on the medial and distal slope. Both types of hyperpycnites are interbedded with relatively homogenous, organic-free and mica-free, well-sorted, very fine-grained sandstones, which are interpreted to be remobilized from wave-dominated shelf environments; these wave-dominated deposits are found only on the proximal and medial slope. Coarse-grained sediment bypass into the deeper-water slope settings is therefore dominated by episodic hyperpycnal flows, whilst sustained hyperpycnal flows and turbidity currents remobilizing wave-dominated shelf deposits are responsible for the full range of grain sizes in the proximal and medial slope, thus facilitating clinoform progradation. This novel dataset highlights previously undocumented intra-clinothem variability related to updip changes in the shelf process-regime, which is therefore a key factor controlling downdip architecture and resulting sedimentary texture.  相似文献   

徐州-宿州地区榴辉岩类捕虏体中角闪石的结构、矿物化学及成因意义   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

纪伟强  许文良  王清海  裴福萍  杨德彬 《矿物岩石》2005,25(4):11-16

徐州-宿州地区中生代闪长质岩石中存在丰富的榴辉岩类捕虏体。对该类捕虏体的岩相学和矿物化学研究表明,其中的角闪石具有4种产状：1）位于石榴石中的早期角闪石包裹体,为镁质普通角闪石;2）与榴辉岩中矿物平衡存在的原生角闪石,为韭闪石或韭闪石质普通角闪石;3）位于石榴石和单斜辉石周边的退变角闪石,主要为浅闪石质和阳起石质普通角闪石;4）沿单斜辉石解理分布的出溶角闪石,主要为浅闪石、浅闪石质角闪石和含亚铁韭闪石质普通角闪石。不同产状角闪石矿物化学成分的差异和温压估算结果显示,榴辉岩类捕虏体经历了一个顺时针的P—T演化轨迹,进而反映了中生代早期华北克拉通东部造山作用的存在。  相似文献   

Differences in preferential flow with antecedent moisture conditions and soil texture: Implications for subsurface P transport   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kirsten N. Grant  Merrin L. Macrae  Genevieve A. Ali 《水文研究》2019,33(15):2068-2079

Preferential flowpaths transport phosphorus (P) to agricultural tile drains. However, if and to what extent this may vary with soil texture, moisture conditions, and P placement is poorly understood. This study investigated (a) interactions between soil texture, antecedent moisture conditions, and the relative contributions of matrix and preferential flow and (b) associated P distributions through the soil profile when fertilizers were applied to the surface or subsurface. Brilliant blue dye was used to stain subsurface flowpaths in clay and silt loam plots during simulated rainfall events under wet and dry conditions. Fertilizer P was applied to the surface or via subsurface placement to plots of different soil texture and moisture condition. Photographs of dye stains were analysed to classify the flow patterns as matrix dominated or macropore dominated, and soils within plots were analysed for their water‐extractable P (WEP) content. Preferential flow occurred under all soil texture and moisture conditions. Dye penetrated deeper into clay soils via macropores and had lower interaction with the soil matrix, compared with silt loam soil. Moisture conditions influenced preferential flowpaths in clay, with dry clay having deeper infiltration (92 ± 7.6 cm) and less dye–matrix interaction than wet clay (77 ± 4.7 cm). Depth of staining did not differ between wet (56 ± 7.2 cm) and dry (50 ± 6.6 cm) silt loam, nor did dominant flowpaths. WEP distribution in the top 10 cm of the soil profile differed with fertilizer placement, but no differences in soil WEP were observed at depth. These results demonstrate that large rainfall events following drought conditions in clay soil may be prone to rapid P transport to tile drains due to increased preferential flow, whereas flow in silt loams is less affected by antecedent moisture. Subsurface placement of fertilizer may minimize the risk of subsurface P transport, particularily in clay.  相似文献   

Dependence of sediment sorting on bedload transport phase in a river meander          下载免费PDF全文

Albert Rovira  Francisco Núñez‐González  Carles Ibañez 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(10):2077-2088

It is widely recognized nowadays that there are at least two different phases of bedload sediment transport in gravel‐bed rivers. However, the transition between these phases is still poorly or subjectively defined, especially at bends in rivers, where cross‐stream sediment transport can strongly influence changes in the texture of the transported sediment. In this paper, we use piecewise models to identify objectively, at two points in the cross‐section of a river bend, the discharge at which the transition between bedload transport phases occurs. Piecewise models were applied to a new bedload data set collected during a wide range of discharges while analysing the associated changes in sediment texture. Results allowed the identification of two well‐differentiated phases of sediment transport (phase I and phase II), with a breakpoint located around bankfull discharge. Associated with each phase there was a change in bedload texture. In phase I there was non‐dominance in the transport of fine or coarse fractions at a particular sampling point; but in phase II bedload texture was strongly linked to the position of the sampling point across the channel. In this phase, fine particles tended to be transported to the inner bank, while coarse sizes were transferred throughout the middle parts of the channel. Moreover, bedload texture at the inner sampling point became bimodal while the transport of pebble‐sized particles was increasing in the central parts of the river channel. It is suggested that this general pattern may be related both to secondary currents, which transfer finer particles from the outer to the inner bank, and to the progressive dismantling of the riverbed surface layer. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

一种综合纹理和边缘信息的多尺度图像融合方法     

刘刚  敬忠良  孙韶媛  李建勋 《遥感学报》2005,9(3):247-252

提出了一种综合纹理和边缘信息的多尺度图像融合方法。该方法通过高斯滤波获得原始图像的金字塔分解,考虑高斯滤波器和Laws纹理提取滤波器以及边缘梯度滤波器之间的线性关系,采用奇异值分解法求出纹理和边缘图像的对应系数;利用各尺度图像的这些特征,对分解后图像的各层进行表示,并采用基于相似性测度和显著性测度的融合策略进行融合。为了衡量融合结果,采用了一个客观图像融合性能评价测度对融合结果进行评价。最后用若干组图像数据对该算法进行了仿真。试验表明,该方法比传统的梯度金字塔分解和基于纹理的金字塔分解方法具有更好的融合效果。  相似文献